Disaster Preparedness - 1589 Words

Disaster Preparedness Plan A disaster is generally defined as an event in which illness or injuries surpass resource capabilities of a community or medical facility (Ignatavicius Workman, 2010). Disaster preparedness is a process of ensuring that an organization has complied with the preventive measures and is in a state of readiness to contain the effects of a predicted disastrous event to minimize loss of life, injury, and damage to property. Disaster preparedness can also provide rescue, relief, rehabilitation, and other services in the aftermath of the disaster, as well as have the capability and resources to continue to sustain its essential functions without being overwhelmed by the demand placed on them. The American Nursing†¦show more content†¦F., personal interview, February 13, 2012).† The established relationships that are within the community to help implement the organization’s disaster preparedness plan are that K.F. is currently the Chair-Elect for the Az Coalition for Healthcare Emergency Response (AzCHER-Central), which brings hospitals, clinics, skilled nursing facilities, fire Emergency Medical Services (EMS), public health, emergency management, and other community stakeholders together for planning. Maricopa Medical Center currently has three to four members on the general body of this group, including bedside nursing representatives. There are a number of governmental agencies that are involved in the organization’s disaster preparedness planning. K.F. is an active member with Coyote Crisis Collaborative, which includes some of those from AzCHER, but also universities and community colleges, utilities, private business, faith-based and other volunteer groups, etc. The Chief Information Officer is currently the Chairman of the Board for Coyote Crisis Collaborative. Additionally, they participate in the Hospital Preparedness Program (HPP) Grant which is administered by Arizona Department of Health Services. All of these opportunities provide environments for collaboration, plan sharing, and developing solutions to issues that face allShow MoreRelatedIs National Preparedness Month A Disaster?1116 Words   |  5 PagesDid you know that September is National Preparedness month? This recognition serves as a reminder that we must always plan to be ready for a disaster (CDC.gov, 2015). Disasters are sudden events, such as an accident or natural catastrophe that causes great damage or loss of life. Merriam-Webster defines it in this manner; something (such as a flood, tornado, fire, plane crash that happens suddenly and causes much suffering or loss to many people; something that has a very bad effect or result. InRead MoreThe Disaster Preparedness Cycle Of Chernobyl1345 Words   |  6 PagesChernobyl, in northern Ukr aine and bordering Belarus, was one of the worst industrial disasters in the world’s history (Smith and Beresford, 2005). Even though the immediate effects were catastrophic, the long-term effects have reached far, and continue to affect the area even today. The history of the disaster, preparedness, and will be discussed, as well as the disaster preparedness cycle. The disaster at Unit 4 at Chernobyl occurred at 0124 on April 26, 1986 (Smith and Beresford, 2005)Read MorePreventive Measures And Preparedness Disaster Planning1576 Words   |  7 PagesSometimes government bodies, corporations, and the like fall short in instituting preventative systems to avert a disaster, oftentimes causing the general populous to be inadequately prepared should a catastrophe occur. This action is due to an overall shift in emphasis from preventative measures to preparedness in disaster planning. In â€Å"Generic Biothreat, or, How We Became Unprepared,† Andrew Lakoff articulates that today’s crises management involves the development of methods that could be usedRead MoreEmergency Preparedness And Disaster Preparedness1329 Words   |  6 PagesEmergency Preparedness is known to be the discipline of dealing with and avoiding both natural and man-made disasters. It involves mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery in order to lessen the impact of disasters and public health threats. Emergency preparedness requires a partnership among all levels of government (local, State, and Federal) and the private sector (business and industry, voluntary organizations, and the public). Successful preparedness requires detailed plan ning and cooperationRead MoreDisaster Planning And Preparedness For Disasters906 Words   |  4 PagesEvery year in the United States, disasters, whether catastrophes on a national scale such as the 2006 Hurricane Katrina or more localized disasters like the 2013 Northern Colorado floods devastate communities by taking the lives of hundreds of people, and injuring thousands more. In additional to the emotional and mental toll disasters have on communities and individuals, the total cost of disasters is continuously increasing to an extent that the public has a difficulty comprehending. NationwideRead MoreCurrent Prioritization Of Early Warning1490 Words   |  6 PagesS. (2013) it is evident that there was a policy shift from post-event response to the preparedness and mitigation approach in disaster management discourse of Bangladesh. And the government is trying to focus on some cost effective actions as well as to avoid the issue of risk transference and new risk issues they ex perienced in building polders. Government’s wish was also reflected in the comprehensive disaster management theme of Climate change strategy and action plan. In 2009 Govt. formulatedRead MoreEssay on Disaster Preparedness is for Everyone1428 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Of the four phases of emergency management, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery, perhaps the place that individuals can make the biggest difference in their own state of resiliency and survival of a disaster is in the preparedness phase. Being prepared before a disaster strikes makes sense yet many people fail to take even simple, precautionary steps to reduce the consequences of destruction and mayhem produced by natural events such as earthquakes, volcanos and tornadosRead MoreDisaster Preparedness and Response7600 Words   |  31 Pages   Disaster Preparedness and Response Measures and Actions for Specific Disasters Preparing for Emergencies (General) Prepare For Disaster * Set up a place to meet after a disaster. Choose an out-of-state emergency contact person. * Know different ways to get out of your home. * Be ready to help your neighbors. Ask them to make sure you are alerted in a disaster. * Have disaster plans for work, school and child care. * Keep emergency supplies in your house and car. CheckRead MoreDisaster Preparedness And Emergency Management2080 Words   |  9 Pages Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management in Hospitals: A Critical Study on the Hospitals of Eastern Region in Saudi Arabia Introduction The last few decades have witnessed increasing incidents of large scale disasters that result in mass casualties. Apart from the natural disasters like earthquake and Tsunami, there is increasing occurrence of man-made disasters including terrorist attack, oil explosion, spread of epidemics etc. In this context, disaster preparedness, response and managementRead MoreDisaster Preparedness And Recovery Plan1487 Words   |  6 PagesDisasters weather man-made, natural, or technological are ineluctable. Community stakeholders, leaders, and citizens are ultimately culpable for ensuring that a sound disaster preparedness and recovery plan is in place should a calamity materialize. Failure to enact such a plan comes with immeasurable consequences. Over the discourse of this paper, the Banqiao Dam disaster will be examined as a case analysis, to render what preparedness and recovery plans were sanctioned, as well as the scope of

Black Male And Caucasian Police Officer Essay - 1489 Words

As for our last case another African American male and Caucasian police officer were involved. Black male Eric Garner was supposedly confronted for selling cigarettes on the street, one of the officers Daniel Pantaleo who had Eric in a chokehold which caused the death of him. This took place on July 17th, 2014 in Staten Island, New York City. Within the department I was surprised on female African American NYPD Sargent Kissy Adoni on how she did not intervene. As a result of Garner s death, Police Commissioner William Bratton ordered an extensive review of the NYPD s training procedures, specifically focusing on the appropriate amount of force that can be used while detaining a suspect. According to CBS New York Bratton stated â€Å"we are not targeting communities of color, we are targeting behavior. Also that policing unfortunately, when force is used, it’s never good to look at.† As a compassionate individual, Bratton recognized that there was excessive force and the use of a chokehold was not authorized by the departments regulations. After looking prior to incidents chokeholds are prohibited in the New York City police department along with most departments but these officers still proceed. Both officers involved have been assigned to desk duty by orders of the commissioner. Commissioner Bratton plans to move forward with Internal Affairs investigation directed by our prosecutor. His leadership highly seen in regards to the case and department in ordering an extensiveShow MoreRelatedRacism Is Not As Cruel Essay1679 Words   |  7 Pagesjustice. This essay will outline the main problems of racism that still occur in the community of African-Americans, particularly focusing on racial profiling, shooting of unarmed black citizens and different criminal justice that has been unfairly justified. Racial profiling is the practice of law enforcement officers targeting individuals for suspicion of criminal activity based on their race, colour, ethnicity or religion (National Institute of Justice, 2013). This is a crime prevention methodRead MoreRacial Inequality : Not Much Has Changed1403 Words   |  6 Pagesinvalid their judgements are. Specifically, African Americans have been discriminated by caucasians in America since it’s founding. It began by the enslaving of African Americans, and today, the discrimination and inequality is more hidden in society. Although America has made significant progress in overcoming racial inequality in the country, many African Americans are still being subject to hardships that Caucasian Americans do not face, especially in regards to the justice system. Over the yearsRead MoreGood Cop Bad Cop : Racial Profiling1277 Words   |  6 Pagesaction by law enforcement that the speaker or writer believed involved the improper use or consideration of race (Heumann, Milton, Cassak, Lance, 2003). In the book, White Privilege and Black Rights, there was a case where police officers got a call from a civilian who was walking by and saw a young African American male around the Recreation center on the phone while holding a gun, but the civilian stated that the gun was most likely fake. Timothy Lehman, a twenty-six-year-old rookie, corresponded toRead More85% More Times That Whites. They Are Only 14% Of The Drug1399 Words   |  6 Pagespace. Studies have shown that race plays a major factor in the severity of a punishment. For example Dylan Roof, a white male that slaughtered nine african american church attendees in cold blood in Charleston, South Carolina was apprehended and later taken to Burger King. While at the same Boston, Massachusetts African american male Usaamah Rahim was shot to death by police at a bus stop without having committed any crime. Organization groups like the Latino Muslim Association of America or theRead MoreThe s Fight For Equality1266 Words   |  6 PagesMichael Brown, who was African American, was walking down the middle of a busy street with a friend. Darren Wilson , a caucasian police officer, approached the two because of the traffic they were creating by walking in the middle of the road. They refused to comply with the officer s request, to which the officer once again asked the two to leave the road. Shortly after, Officer Wilson realized they were suspects in a robbery that had happened earlier that day. In response, Wilson attempted to restrainRead MoreThe Justice System Is Not Truly Provide Justice For All839 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to The Sentencing Project, one in three black males will go to prison at least once in their lifetime. One in six Latinos can expect to go to jail in their lifetime and one in seventeen white males will go to prison. Fairness and justice in the United States has not evolved since the 1930’s. Do you think fairness and justice in the United States has evolved after the Tr ayvon Martin case and Freddie Gray’s case? The American legal system does not truly provide justice for all. The firstRead MoreStereotypes And Stereotypes Of Stereotypes794 Words   |  4 Pagesseems to appear with improbable frequency afterwards.This cognitive bias can play a role in how we let stereotypes grow. For example, to use events that have been appearing in the news recently, let’s say an African American male was just killed by a Caucasian police officer, once that event has imprinted itself in our memories, we think about it, and then slowly it disappears from our brains, but then the next month, the same thing happens. With all the times this event has played out but just withRead MoreJustice Is It Still Existent?1172 Words   |  5 Pagesjustice system. However, if justice exists, where is the justice when white cops shot unarmed black men because they â€Å"claim† their life was in immediate danger and get off scot free? Show me the justice when black fathers are being snatched away from their kids and being incarcerated for simple mistakes that they made. Why is it that people of color get harsher sentences for simpler crimes, yet if a Caucasian commits the same crime they get a slap on the wrist? Justice is not any of those. If justiceRead MoreEffects Of Racial Corruption In The Criminal Justice System1678 Words   |  7 Pagessystems. To begin, when it comes to officers pulling over victims, they pull over more black and Hispanic Americans than they do Caucasians. Police officers tend to pull over more blacks and Hispanics because they may assume that black and Hispanic Americans are in the wrong due to their race. Most of the time when a cop pulls over blacks or Hispanic victims, the officers searches their vehicle for drugs. However, if they were to pull over a white person, the officer most likely will not search the whiteRead MoreBlack Life Matter Vs. Black Lives Matter894 Words   |  4 Pagestoday is All Lives Matter vs. Black Lives Matter. The slogan â€Å"Black Lives Matter† came into use during the Martin vs. Zimmerman case, when Mr. Zimmerman was acquitted for the killing of Trayvon Martin, an African American teenager. After this case,there appeared to be a large amount of police brutality cases against African American, furthermore pushing activists to speak out against the racial profiling and racism. Even more recently, there have been suspected police brutality cases against African

The Cost Of College Is Too Expensive Essay - 1854 Words

Throughout every generation the majority of students, who want to acquire a better paying job in the world, all apply to a college of their dreams. The whole of these students know what to expect from college; education, social connections, fundamental understanding of their respective field, as well as the benefit/hope that they will receive their dream job soon after. However, these students also expect to amass an amount of debt once they graduate as this is a common fear amongst college graduates. In spite of such hindrance in their pursuit of a job, the experience from which they accumulated throughout their college life later benefits them in diverse amount of ways. In light of the vast and increasing amount of complaints that the cost of college is too â€Å"expensive†, although true since the cost of college has increased by an exponential amount since the days such were established, the monetary value of any college in general is built upon various necessities to which these college shall offer (i.e. room and board, books, meal, etc.) (Issue Controversies). Not only do these main components contribute to the growth of student debt but the tuition of the school plays a part as well. Schools install tuitions within their teaching programs in order to fund for a variety of resources. The teachers for one are the fundamental part of this payment process since most universities attempt to hire and rehire the best staff available to them in order to provide a healthyShow MoreRelatedAdvantages Of College Tuition1693 Words   |  7 Pagesattending college. The main argument that we have is whether college tuition is too expensive or not. Ov er the last few decades the college tuition rates have increased drastically, but is a rate increase necessarily a good or bad thing. I personally believe that the cost to attend college is too expensive especially for low and middle-income families. There are many reasons why tuition could be considered too expensive they include, rise of tuition, little financial aid, and lack of college savingsRead MorePersuasive Essay1334 Words   |  6 PagesAP English 11 February 22, 2013 Is it really worth going to college, owing hundreds of dollars in order to get a degree in a profession to become successful and experienced in the real world? Today, as tuition costs increase students are questioning whether college is fit for them or not. For one, college can be really expensive, for example at the University of Minnesota for an undergraduate during the academic year of 2011-2012, the cost for one credit was $448.08 and $5,825 for a total of thirteenRead MoreDecrease The Cost. ​Now That A College Education Is No1491 Words   |  6 Pages Decrease the Cost ​Now that a college education is no longer an option, but it’s rather vital, parents and students all across the nation fear to pay tuition every year. Over the past few decades the cost of tuition has increased by 137.2 percent. That is going from 13 thousand dollars a school year to 31 thousand dollars a school year. This 137.2 percent increase just goes to show you that tuition is way too high and has been substantially increasing over the past fifty decades. These increasesRead MoreCost Benefits of Attending College1082 Words   |  5 PagesCollege is one of the better investments a person can make to enhance their life. Attending college sets you in the right direction to become a successful individual in the future. Yes, college takes time, and a great deal of money, but in the end it is all worth it. People who graduate from college are more likely to obtain a high end paying job than a person with just a high school education. The cost of attending college ma y be expensive, but, the outcome of it all is worth the wait. The mostRead MoreFast Food Essay1073 Words   |  5 Pagesfood epidemic has spread through the U.S like a modern day delicious plague, for which many college students have fallen victim too. Unlike the bubonic one this modern-day plague has had a positive effect on people ages 18-21 i.e college students every year there is a rise in the number of freshmen college students during the first year of college they will find out real fast home much time and dedication college requires to obtain and hold a high GPA during this period they as well will forget all hopesRead MoreHigher Education And High Education957 Words   |  4 Pagesthe sciences. Universities and colleges are the places where people go seeking for higher education. It is the reason why the world is where it is today. Almost all of the inventions that make our life easier today are the outcome of education. Some students will do whatever they can to make sure they end up in one of these places. Higher education has been a very important topic for students and their families: some believe that the cost of higher education is too high; others argue that it is notRead MoreBenefits Of Higher Education1090 Words   |  5 Pagescase that you dont have to be in college for that long to start working and gain a high paying wage. â€Å"And. beyond money, education seems to make people happier and healthier† (D). Not only does seeking a higher education gets you a higher paying wage it also makes you a happier person. This could work by the interaction with fellow students on the campus and more knowledge than the average human. Money isn’t the only reason why people are happier after college it is also that getting that higherRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School1357 Words   |  6 PagesWhen you think of students in college you think of hard homework assignments, long essays with short due dates, the last minute studying for exams and of course the partying that everyone looks forward to when it comes to being in college. Do you ever think about what happens when you don’t do the homework, not turn in the essay on time and do horrible on the exams and party a little too much? When this happens, grades tend to fall and when grades tend to fall it usually means you’re not doing whatRead MoreCollege Tuition Is Too Expensive770 Words   |  3 Pages College Tuition Is Too Expensive There are many colleges around the world and most people like to attend one. Students study hard and try their best just so they can get an acceptance letter from their dream college. However, college tuition is not that affordable; college tuition is increasing in price every single year while the yearly salary of a father stays the same or barely increases. College tuition should be affordable to everyone regardless of his or her family status and position. StudentsRead MoreIs College Expensive For College Debt?975 Words   |  4 PagesIs College Expensive? College is very expensive for many people these days – it is a nightmare. Upon graduation, many students will accrue a huge debt; like the old students, who are reeling with college debt. Most of the old students cannot afford a decent life because their income is not enough to sustain a living while paying a college debt. Some parents have enrolled their children in college investment funds; as an attempt to lessen the future college debt. However, the government claims

Health Status Of the Indigenous Communities †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Health Status Of the Indigenous Communities. Answer: Introduction This paper is a narrative that seeks to present the story of the health status of the indigenous communities. The narrative achieves this through the focus on a single individual indigenous Australian, Andrew Smith (not his real name) who will be hereafter referred to as Mr. A, whose life and health manifest a neglected community where health-seeking behavior, as well as health literacy, are at their worst. The story depicts the picture of a family man who was just seven years ago very active and a sole bread winner to his family of one wife and five children. I first met Mr. A when working with a volunteer group in a remote village north of Alice Springs. The narrative herein has been compiled from an interview I had with the subject and a retired health-worker (Mrs. K) who have journeyed together with the subject for the better part of his health ordeal. For the sake of confidentiality and anonymity, the real name of all the people who are related to this case has not been disclose d. It is a story of how a brief and simple moment can lead to major life changes especially with low levels of health literacy. Biodata Name: (real name withheld) Mr. A Date of Birth: 1971 (present age 46 years) Place of Birth: a remote village 350 kilometre north of Alice Springs, Australia. Aboriginal decent. Family: Three brothers all living in the same community and married. Parents long dead. A wife and four children two daughters and two sons; oldest son 20 years and doing casual labour at the nearest town. Others aged 17, 12 and 9 and all in school. Mr. As Story The ease of access to Mr. A was due to the popularity of the subject in the village. Before the incident that changed his life and that of his entire family, Mr. A was working as a self-confirmed tour guide. In a community that is dependent largely on domestic and international tourism, Mr. A had already been too familiar with the surrounding and all the scenery that could attract people. He also was aware of the terrain and could advise tourists on the best way to follow depending on the weather and the destination. He was therefore always consulted and often carried along in the tourist's vans. He was popular for this, and he obtained almost all his livelihood from the tips given by the tourists for his guidance. From the same, he was able to educate his last three children as his eldest son was already away to the urban areas even before he was 15 years. The Incident While walking home one evening after being dropped by a tourists van, Mr. A stumbled and stepped on what appeared to him as a nail left on the ground by children playing on the path. Having no flashlight, however, he did not locate the nail and hence proceeded home. He noticed that the wound did not bleed as much but only felt numb for a few hours. The following day, Mr. A collected some herbs and using his experience treated the wound, and he reports that the wound felt okay for a few days, such that he resumed his tour guiding activities for almost two weeks. He, however, noticed that the numbness increased and he could not walk as much or even lift the leg at ease the leg was also inflamed. He was confined at home for a few days before Mrs. K, an old friend who had recently retired from community health service came visiting and advised him to urgently seek medical advice. On physical examination at the hospital, Mr. A was informed that his leg had been adversely infected from ins ide. The examination also involved a venom expert who associated the tingling and numbness to venomous bite which was not severe enough to cause permanent paralysis. This made Mr. A question the incidence which he had always related to a prick. The level of infection was so high that the leg was not functional and had to be amputated at just above the knee. His life was bound to change for good. He had an option to refuse the amputation and risk septicaemia which would have killed him. But thinking about his family, he opted for amputation, hoping that while still alive he would still be able to do something for the family. Life after the Incidence According to research most of the people in rural Australia have very low health literacy. This means that they do not see the need to seek healthcare services (Mcbain-Rigg Veitch, 2011); (Kelaher et al., 2014). In addition to this, there is also reduced accessibility to proper healthcare as the community sometimes is referred to as living in the fifth world. (Kruske, Belton, Wardaguga, Narjic, 2012);(Browne, Hayes, Gleeson, 2014) Mr. Ks life turned to the worst almost a month after the amputation. Psychologically, post amputation patient has a period of mental instability related to the loss. This is directly related to post-traumatic stress disorder, and with inadequate help, they can be disturbed for the rest of their lives (Durey, 2010); (Yehuda et al., 2015). With limited psychiatric follow-up, Mrs. K struggled with the patient until he was well. However, what could not return was his source of income and ability to walk. She assisted him to use crutches as prosthetic was dee med too costly and unavailable. Although Mr. A was able to move around and even started earning a few coins from a shoe repair stand he had constructed, his life was already changed. His wife and children were suffering and living a life that they were not used to. He had to get rid of most of his animals to take them to school and cover his medical bills as a result of the poverty levels in the area (Couzos Theile, 2007). The Impact of the Incidence All the domains of his own life were adversely affected by the incidence. These are himself, his family and the community. On himself, Mr. A was already partially disabled. He had lost a large part of his body and had a hard time accepting the life of an amputee. He was no longer able to move as he wished and did his most experienced and productive work. For sometimes, also he could not do even the personal care without assistance. The impact on the family was also quite significant. Mr. A was no longer able to feed himself and the family as he used to and had to learn new tricks to survive. His wife had to go out of her way to assist with selling artefacts and curios to tourists. The children did not enjoy bountifulness as they used to and had to sometimes go without proper meals and care. The school was no longer a norm as the parents sometimes lacked the necessary fees. The community also suffered the loss of one of the most respected tour guide who was completely aware of the environment and struggled to conserve the heritage. He was retired only for consultation at an early age and now required their assistance instead. Conclusion I met Mr. A through a friend who had previously visited the area as a tourist and had a first-hand experience with Mr. A as a tour guide. The narrative demonstrates the health disparity in a country that is strongly divided on social lines (Durey, 2010); (Wilson Cardwell, 2012). There are still people within the country who cannot access adequate health information, and hence they have a poor health seeking behaviour. Statistics have indicated that a total of 4 million people in the country have just the basic literacy levels in health (Kariminia, Butler, Levy, 2007); (Priest, Mackean , Davis, Briggs, Waters, 2012). The government is doing very little to change the situation and save for the concern by the international community, religious and non-governmental organizations; the situation could be worse. It bothers to think how people like Mr. A would view their condition compared to that of people in the rest of the country. References Browne, J., Hayes, R., Gleeson, D. (2014). Aboriginal health policy: Is nutrition the gap in Closing the Gap? Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 38(4), 362369. https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12223 Couzos, S., Theile, D. D. (2007). The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the right to health: Is Australia meeting its obligations to Aboriginal peoples? Medical Journal of Australia, 186(10), 522524. https://doi.org/10.1177/096701067700800312 Durey, A. (2010). Reducing racism in Aboriginal health care in Australia: Where does cultural education fit? Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 34(SUPPL). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.2010.00560.x Kariminia, A., Butler, T., Levy, M. (2007). Aboriginal and non-aboriginal health differentials in Australian prisoners. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 31(4), 366371. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.2007.00089.x Kelaher, M., Sabanovic, H., La Brooy, C., Lock, M., Lusher, D., Brown, L. (2014). Does more equitable governance lead to more equitable health care? A case study based on the implementation of health reform in Aboriginal health Australia. Social Science Medicine, 123, 278286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.07.032 Kruske, S., Belton, S., Wardaguga, M., Narjic, C. (2012). Growing Up Our Way The First Year of Life in Remote Aboriginal Australia. Qualitative Health Research, 22(6), 777787. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732311432717 Mcbain-Rigg, K. E., Veitch, C. (2011). Cultural barriers to health care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders in Mount Isa. Australian Journal of Rural Health, 19(2), 7074. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1584.2011.01186.x Priest, N., Mackean , T., Davis, E., Briggs, L., Waters, E. (2012). Aboriginal perspectives of child health and weUbeing in an urban setting: Developing a conceptual framework. Health Sociology Review, 21(2), 180195. https://doi.org/10.5172/hesr.2012.21.2.180 Wilson, K., Cardwell, N. (2012). Urban Aboriginal health: Examining inequalities between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal populations in Canada. Canadian Geographer. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0064.2011.00397.x Yehuda, R., Hoge, C. W., McFarlane, A. C., Vermetten, E., Lanius, R. A., Nievergelt, C. M., Hyman, S. E. (2015). Post-traumatic stress disorder. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 1(October), 122. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2015.57